judaism / timeline
Timeline of Judaism
| c. 2000-1500 BCE | Abraham and the Patriarchs |
| c. 1500-1200 BCE | Egypt, the Exodus and wandering in the desert |
| 1200-1050 BCE | Occupation of Canaan, the Promised Land |
| 1050-920 BCE | United kingdom under Saul, David and Solomon, with capital at Jerusalem |
| 920-597 BCE | Divided kingdom of Israel (north) and Judah (south) |
| 722 BCE | Assyria conquers Israel |
| 701 BCE | Egyptians conquer Judah |
| 612 BCE | Ninevah destroyed by Babylonains and Medes |
| 605 BCE | Babylon conquers Egypt, now rules Judah |
| 568-538 BCE | Babylonian Exile |
| 586 BCE | Destruction of the first temple |
| 550 BCE | Second Isaiah composed |
| c. 520 BCE | Haggai and Zechariah prophesy |
| 516 BCE | Second Temple built |
| 5th cent. BCE | Oldest known example of a ketubah |
| 3rd cent. BCE | Rise of the Sadducees; Septuagint formed |
| 2nd cent. BCE | Idea of resurrection of the dead gains popularity in Jewish circles |
| c. 20 BCE | Philo Judaeus born |
| Compilation of the Tenakh | |
| c. 50 CE | Philo dies |
| 70 CE | Destruction of the Second Temple by the Romans on the 9th of Av |
| c. 90-150 | Canonization of Hebrew Bible essentially complete |
| 135 | Bar Kokhba rebellion defeated at Betar by Romans on 9th of Av |
| c. 135 | Roman governors ban circumcision |
| 164 | Hasmonean revolt against the Romans |
| c. 200 | Compilation of the Mishnah by Judah ha-Nasi |
| 337 | Proselytizing for Judaism is punishable by death in the Roman Empire. |
| 358 | Rabbi Hillel II introduces permanent fixed ritual calendar |
| c. 425 | Compilation of the Jerusalem Talmud |
| 500-600 | Compilation of the Babylonian Talmud |
| 700-1100 | Karaite sect rejects Rabbinic Judaism |
| 933 | Saadiah Gaon writes the Book of Beliefs and Opinions |
| 1040-1105 | Rashi (Rabbi Solomon ben Isaac) |
| 1096 | First Crusade prompts anti-Jewish violence in France and Germany |
| 1100-1200 | Chasidei ashkenaz develops|
| 1135-1204 | Maimonides |
| 1165 | Maimondies publishes Mishneh Torah, a compendium of Jewish law of great importance |
| 1180 | Maimonides becomes court physician to Saladin |
| 1190 | Jews in York massacred on 9th of Av |
| c. 1250 | Compilation of the Zohar |
| c. 1290 | De Leon writes Sefer Ha-Zohar |
| c. 1400 | First known occurances of bar mitzvah ceremony |
| 1475 | First book printed in Hebrew (Rashi's commentary) |
| 1492 | Jews expelled from Spain |
| 1497 | Jews expelled from Portugal |
| 1632 | Baruch Spinoza born in Amsterdam |
| 1700s | Founding of Hasidism |
| 1800s | Founding of Orthodox, Reform, and Conservative movements |
| 1906 | Emmanuel Levinas born in Lithuania |
| 1907 | Abraham Joshua Heschel born in Lithuania |
| 1908 | Jews granted full legal equality in Ottoman Empire |
| 1910 | Jews granted full legal equality in Spain |
| 1913 | Considering conversion to Christianity, Levinas attends a Yom Kippur service and resolves to remain a Jew |
| 1917 | Jews granted full legal equality in Russia after Bolshevik victory |
| 1920 | Rosenzweig begins lifelong friendship with Martin Buber in Frankfurt |
| 1921 | Rosenzweig's Star of Redemption published |
| 1922 | Judith Kaplan, daughter of Mordecai Kaplan (founder of the Society for the Advancement of Judaism), is the first to participate in a bat mitzvah ceremony. |
| 1923 | Martin Buber's I and Thou published. |
| 1926 | Progressive Judaism founded |
| 1929 | Franz Rosenzweig dies of amytrophic lateral sclerosis |
| 1933 | Adolf Hitler named Reichschancellor |
| 1937 | Martin Buber appoints Abraham Joshua Heschel head of the Lehrhaus in Frankfurt and emigrates to Palestine |
| 1937 | Columbus Platform |
| 1938 | Holocaust begins; Heschel is deported to Poland by the Nazis |
| 1939 | Heschel leaves for New York, where he will spend the rest of his life. Levinas, an officer in the French Army, is taken prisoner by the Germans |
| 1942 | Deportations from Warsaw to death camp at Treblinka begin on 9th of Av |
| 1945 | Heschel joins the faculty of Jewish Theological Seminary |
| 1948 | State of Israel established |
| 1950 | Israeli Parlianment passes the Law of Return |
| 1965 | Martin Buber dies |
| 1967 | Jerusalem reunited by Israeli victory in Six-Day War |
| 1972 | First female rabbi ordained in Reform movement |
| 1972 | Death of Abraham Joshua Heschel |
| 1972 | Beit Chayim Chadashim, first gay synagogue, founded in Los Angeles |
| 1974 | First female rabbis ordained in Reconstructionist |
| 1980 | World Congress of Gay and Lesbian Jewish Organizations founded |
| 1984 | First female rabbis ordained in Conservative movement |
| 1993 | Death of Joseph Soloveitchik |
| 1996 | Death of Emmanuel Levinas |
| 2003 | The Union of American Hebrew Congregations changes its name to the Union for Reform Judaism. |
References
- George Robinson, Essential Judaism (Pocket Books, 2000), 541-50.
- John Bowker, ed., Cambridge Illustrated History of Religions.
- "Judaism." Encyclopædia Britannica (Encyclopædia Britannica Premium Service, 2004).
Jewish timeline, timeline of Judaism, Judaism timeline, timeline of Jewish history, history of Judaism
