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Fast Facts on Taoism (Daoism)

There are two main strands and schools within Taoism, usually labeled "philosophical Taoism" (Tao-chia) and "religious Taoism" (Tao-chaio). Scholars now say the two are not as strongly distinguished as once thought, but the former generally focuses on the philosophical writings of Lao-Tzu, Chuang-Tzu and other early mystics while the latter emphasizes religious rituals aimed at attaining immortality.

Today, there are 20 million Taoists worldwide, most of whom live in China, Taiwan or Southeast Asia. Taoism is also increasingly influential in the West, especially in the fields of alternative medicine and martial arts like Tai Chi.

date founded:

c. 550 BCE

place founded:

China

founder:

Lao-Tze

adherents:

20 million specifically Taoist
225 million adherents of Chinese religion

main location:

China

sacred texts:

Tao Te Ching, Chuang-Tzu

original language:

Chinese

spiritual leader:

Sage

house of worship:

Temple

theism:

Pantheism

ultimate reality:

The Tao

human nature:

Born in a state of purity, imperfect but capable of seeking the Tao and doing good

purpose of life:

Inner harmony and peace; longevity.

how to live:

In accordance with the Tao

afterlife:

Revert back to state of non-being

symbols:

Yin-Yang